Chinas Scientific Revolution in the Tang and Song Dynasties

The scientific revolution was most notable in the Tang and Song Dynasties which covered a span of three hundred years. Chinese scientist, doctors and mathematicians made great strides and important advances in math, science, medicine and astronomy. Some of the inventions that were made during this era are still represented in Chinese culture today. Among some of the earliest scientific invention in these eras was the abacus, or what the Chinese called the shadow clock. This was the world’s first known calculator, and has remained one of China’s greatest inventions. In his article The Song Dynasty, Toni Zin explains, â€Å"The scientific development in the Song Dynasty ranked forefront in the world of the time. The world-shaking Chinas three greatest inventions-the gun powder, compass, movable-type printing were invented at that time, which altered the whole worlds civilized rate of progress. The abacus began to be used and had become the main calculating tool since the n.† (Zin, pg 4). Gun powder was the greatest invention that the world has ever known, and it was also one that has cost many lives. During the Song Dynasty, China trade a lot with the west. This got gun powder in circulation around the world. At the time, no one had ever seen anything like it. Some even feared it. Eventually, Europeans began to develop their own gun powder based off of the Chinese designs. With the invention of gun powder came new weapons. China is known for the first missile, which lookedShow MoreRelatedEssay1115 Words   |  5 Pagesother issues related to the development of the country. Since I came to china for study, I got the opportunity to learn more about the success of china’s economic development as well as the negative externalities of the development and also the problem related to higher population. I have also learned about Chinese culture, language, the interesting dynasties (kingdoms) and the Chinese people’s way of life. However , the most interesting thing I learned about china was contribution from ancient ChineseRead MoreWhat Components Bring Up Competitive Industries?1306 Words   |  6 Pagesengineering degrees than the United States at all levels, most in bachelors.1 Accounting for 35-75% of the world’s scientific activities, the United States is in jeopardy of losing its scientific dominance to China, thus, facing negative economic consequences.2 This news is astonishing given China’s previous and limited contributions to science, producing only 1% of top-cited scientific publications over the past several centuries.1 However, due to a combination of economic and social changes overRead MoreChina Research Paper6220 Words   |  25 Pagesduring this age came the Xia Dynasty (2100-1600 BC), next was the Shang Dynasty, The written history of china can be found as early as the Shang Dynasty which was between 1700-1046BC, but much of Chinese culture, literature, and philosophy was further developed during the Zhou Dynasty (1046-256 BC); together these three dynasties make up the Three Dynasties era. Afterwards came the Imperial era, right after Ancient China. Here there were twelve other dynasties. The Qin Dynasty is well known for beginningRead MoreImpact Of Economic Globalization4598 Words   |  19 PagesMembers regulate their actions with uniform international norms. 2. The globalization of the production. As the fundamental driving force for the development of human society, productivity has greatly promoted the expansion of the world market. The revolution in science and technology, marked by the Internet, narrowed the time and space distances between countries, promulgated a tremendous change in the structure of world trade and prompted the flow of factors of production across borders. It not onlyRead MoreMuseums Essays10752 Words   |  44 PagesMuseum Museum, institution dedicated to helping people understand and appreciate the natural world, the history of civilizations, and the record of humanity’s artistic, scientific, and technological achievements. Museums collect objects of scientific, aesthetic, or historical importance; care for them; and study, interpret, and exhibit them for the purposes of public education and the advancement of knowledge. There are museums in almost every major city in the world and in many smaller communities

The Enlightenment The Ideas Of The Enlightenment

During the Enlightenment era, both elite culture and popular culture had influences, philosophers dominating the ideals of the time period. In the eighteenth century, philosophers such as Adam Smith, Thomas Hobbes, and Jean Jacques Rousseau empowered people to think upon their natural rights and suggested new ideologies to follow and/or support. Additionally, because of the Enlightenment, the Realist and Neoclassical Art Movement spurred and gathered momentum as artists changed the art scene with their masterpieces across Europe. The philosophers all represented new ideas; however all ideas balanced with one another. Among the most influential, Adam Smith had two major works within his life he is best known for and they are The Theory of†¦show more content†¦Rousseau’s philosophy is based on a body of people with individual thought involved to overcome obstacles in nature and run the country properly. He incorporated the rights of the people with the government to make an effective system with almost to no oppression from the upper class. These philosophers all altered our view on thought, rights, and elite culture. During the era of the Scientific Revolution, many new things were brought to the minds of the people. This new prospective of the world opened up the artistic world to realism as well as symbolic meaning. Artists heavy utilized realism in their art whilst scientists revealed the true nature of our Earth, disregarding the wrong ideas of the earlier science. Because of this period, we now know more about our world and pay more attention to detail. In this modern day and age, we can thank the work of these wonderful people because they inspired us with their brilliance. We can thank them for exposing a part of science we now have knowledge of because of them. Scientists and artists all altered our view on elite culture along with popular culture and live on in our textbooks and in our hearts, forever. During the Enlightenment, the world was exposed to new ideas and ideals from newly blossomed philosophers. The neoclassical art movement demonstrates and reflects the search for reason within the era. Art was influenced byShow MoreRelatedThe Enlightenment : Main Ideas Of The Enlightenment800 Words   |  4 Pagesanother prominent theme of the Enlightenment. By this, we mean the idea that man is endowed with certain liberties or rights. These rights were believed to have been granted by God and/or nature. Enlightenment figures typically espoused ideas of equality and human dignity. The Enlightenment had individual freedom with certain unalienable rights is very much in line with the Enlightenment concept about individual freedom.In addition Enlightenment philosophers main idea was too write about differentRead MoreThe Influence of Enlightenment Ideas Essay748 Words   |  3 PagesThe ideas from the Enlightenment and its thinkers greatly influenced the world today, everything fro m our ideas of modern government to our view of everyday life. Important Enlightenment philosophes such as Locke, Montesquieu, Hobbes and Voltaire established controversial ideas and theories on human nature, natural rights, and how government should be run and which form of it was superior. These ideas were all never even thought of before, and shattered many of the previous notions of ideas, suchRead MoreThe Key Ideas of the Enlightenment Essay1865 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will be examining the key concepts of the ‘Enlightenment’ also known as â€Å"The Age of Reasonâ€Å" that occurred from the 16th and 17th century, before considering the manner in which it helped to shape the sociological view on societies and how it has linked to the birth of sociology. Before doing so I will give a brief historical context. All the profound questioning that emerged during the Enlightenment came out of the undermining of the old Catholic authority over all social truth thatRead MoreThe Enlightenment Ideas Of The American Revolution1423 Words   |  6 Pages2017 The Enlightenment’s ideas in the American Revolution People in America were mad and broke. The colonies did not like the idea of paying high taxes to the King of England. In order to show their rage and anger, they did it by not paying taxes. The King of England was frustrated by the colonist s action and send an army to the Americas to sort this problem out. However, the people of America wanted to be free from England, so with the help of the Enlightenment thinkers and the philosophersRead MoreImpact Of Enlightenment Ideas On The French Revolution844 Words   |  4 Pages How Enlightenment Ideas Impacted the French Revolution? Towards the end of the 18th century, almost all of Europe had gone through a period called the Enlightenment. Enlightenment thinkers, and philosophers, promoted reason and human freedom over tradition and religion. France had one of the bloodiest Enlightenment periods in history because they used the ideas of John Lockes Natural Rights, Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s Social Contract, and Voltaire (Franà §ois-Marie Arouet) teaching of FreedomRead MoreRomantic and Enlightenment Ideas in Frankenstein Essay1153 Words   |  5 Pages The Enlightenment age encouraged everyone to use reason and science in order to rid the world of barbarism and superstition. In fact, Kant argued that the public use of ones reason must always be free, and it alone can bring about enlightenment among men (Kant 3). Enlightenment thinking not only influenced philosophy and the sciences, but also literature (especially in Popes Essay on Man). In reaction to Enlightenments strict empiricism, Romanticism was born. In Frankenstein, Shelley arguesRead MoreThe Main Ideas of Enlightenment Philosophers Essay834 Words   |  4 PagesDuring the Enlightenment, revolutionary thinkers called philosophes brought about new ideas as to how to better understand and improve their society. They were all modern thinkers and had the best interests of society in mind. Although each philosoph had his or her own ideas, they all centered around one main theme: equality and human freedom. One famous influential philosopher was John Locke. Locke was born in England in the mid 17th century and lived through both the English Civil WarRead MoreEnlightenment Ideas And Causes Of The French Revolution988 Words   |  4 Pageswere two main reasons the French Revolution started; the Enlightenment Ideas and the social inequality of the moment. The commoners outraged and fought against Louis XVI and the absolute monarchy of the moment. There are several things that caused the French Revolution. One of them are the Enlightenment ideas, all this ideas of freedom and liberty for the people, equal rights and fair treatment for everyone. Most of the Enlightenment ideas originate in French territory. Another reasons why theRead MoreThe Ideas Of The Enlightenment, By Thomas Paine And The Declaration Of Independence767 Words   |  4 PagesThe ideas of the Enlightenment spread to the American colonies, profoundly influencing leaders of the Revolution to create a new structure of government. Enlightenment, as defined in Thomas Paine’s Common Sense, can be broadly defined is the movement towards reason and individualism rather than tradition. The text, by Thomas Paine, challenged the principles of liberty, equality, and justice. Thomas Paine was a revolutionary thinker who used Enlightenment ideology as a platform to persuade towardsRead MoreThe Enlightenment Philosophers: What Was Their Main Idea2373 Words   |  10 PagesNetwork  » Literary Periods  » The Enlightenment 57 The Enlightenment The Enlightenment, sometimes referred to as the Age of Reason, was a confluence of ideas and activities that took place throughout the eighteenth century in Western Europe, England, and the American colonies. Scientific rationalism, exemplified by the scientific method, was the hallmark of everything related to the Enlightenment. Following close on the heels of the Renaissance, Enlightenment thinkers believed that the advances

African American Interpersonal communication Essay Example For Students

African American Interpersonal communication Essay African American Interpersonal communication Essay through Body Art Tattoos make an individuals self definition more complete by visually communicating gang membership, status, rank and personal accomplishment (Phelan 277). Tattooing and body piercing has been practiced in almost every culture around the world, and for thousands of years. (Greif, Hewitt 367) The African American culture use body art as a method of nonverbal interpersonal communication. The word tattoo became part of the English vocabulary in 1769 when James Cook visited the Pacific Island of Tahiti. Both sexes, he wrote, paint their bodies. Tattow as it is called in their language, this is done by inlaying the color of black under their skins in such a manner as to be indelible. Some have ill designed figures of men birds or dogs, the women generally have this figure Z simply on every joint of their fingers and toes (Shukla 234). Tattooing and body piercing are increasing, especially among young college students. Yet in Western culture, tattooing and piercing often have been considered taboo, perhaps stemming from the Bibles Old Testament citing in Leviticus 19:28 and Deutronomy 14:1 that prohibits the marking of ones flesh in celebration of other gods ( Greif, Hewitt 367). Tattoos reflect a persons past career objectives . To analyze the moral careers communicated by these tattoos, we identify and elaborate upon five distinct phases in a prison gang moral career: pre initiate, initiate, member, veteran, and supervisor ( Phelan 277). The major reasons tattoos are given are traditionally, body art has served to attract the opposite sex, boost self esteem, ward off or invoke spirits, indicate social position or marital status, identify with a particular age or gender group or mark a rite of passage, such as puberty or marriage. It is this sort of strictly prescribed, highly ritualistic decoration that Beckwith and Fisher depict in African ceremonies. We have tried to show how body art is relevant to every stage of development, from birth to death, says Fisher. But while the traditional, often spiritually based versions of bod mod are quickly disappearing among indigenous peoples, the impulses behind personal adornment remain unchanged: attracting a mate, signaling status, declaring allegiance to a group( Lemonick 75). For men, the tattoo is a public identity symbol, and their first is usually on their arm. Women reserve their tattoo for a more intimate audience, and they usually choose their breast. For most, the tattoo is symbolic of their individuality and having withstood a painful and exciting event. Tattooees enjoy being noticed, although they reveal their tattoos selectively ( Davis 471). Anthropologists describe body art or modification as a way of identifying oneself as being a part of a group, a tribe, or a gang: of denoting ones financial status or marital status: or even as a way of beautifying the body (Grief, Hewitt Implicit here is the theme of deliverancethe redemptive passage from pain and uncertainty wherein the tattoo serves as both silent witness and lucky charm. Yet sailors and navel men have long applied symbols to their bodies, in an almost magical way, to guide their vessels and protect themselves, to deflect the temptations of a faraway women and even alleviate the pain of flogging. Soldiers, bikers and underworld gangs continue to adorn themselves with a range of symbols and ritual inscriptions: badges of rank, rites of passages, emblems, slogans and whimsical vision. And as appalling and savage as the tattooed prisoner appeared to 19th century criminologists, who wrestled to catalogue the criminal condition, it was well understood that the expansive repertoire of marks and mutilations universally made in prison bore than idle distraction. Professor Cesare Lombroso, a leading criminal theorist of the 1890s, cited vengeance , vanity and superstitions as prime motivations behind these so called ideographic hieroglyphs. It was well accepted that tattoo represented a cryptic form of expression and a way of overcoming a fierce and unfortunate plight (Crockett 15). For many centuries, body piercings have been evident. Many from pirates to Roman Centurions, have had body piercing sometimes symbolizing royalty , bravery, virility, or as a rite of passage (Greif, Hewitt 368). Why do people alter their body, sometimes painfully and permanently with body piercing? Enid Schildkrout, curator .

The Exchange rate pass-through in the global economy - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about The Exchange rate pass-through in the global economy. Answer: Introduction In the contemporary global framework, one of the leading economies, with impressive growth and economic development over the last few years, is the economy of Australia. Being fourteenth largest in terms of Nominal GDP, the economy holds the record of longest uninterrupted growth of GDP for twenty-six years (Pieterse, 2015). Much of this highly impressive growth of the country can be linked to the development of the industrial and service sector of the country, with more than seventy percent of the total workforce being employed in the latter only. The mining, gas and real estate industry are among the most notable industries in the country, which clubbed with the highly developed and efficient external sector of the country and its robust policy framework, contributed to the economic welfare of the country (Dyster and Meredith, 2012). Apart from GDP, there are other vital economic indicators, like inflation, unemployment, exchange rate, cash rate and net exports, which have considerable implications on the economic wellbeing of Australia. The report, keeping this into consideration, tries to interpret the relation and dynamics among these economic variables in the country, within the chosen time frame (1990-2015). It also tries to analyze the reasons behind such dynamics and the implications of the policy framework of the country on the same, thereby forecasting the possible economic situations in the country in near future (Ravenhill, 2017). Macroeconomic Assessment of Australia The primary indicator of economic growth, which is most widely used across the globe, is the Gross Domestic Product of the country, which shows the value of all the final goods and services that are in a year, produced within a country. The Real GDP, is the inflation adjusted measurement of GDP, which the values of goods and services taking a stable economic year the base. In case of the economy of Australia, a moderately stable growth trend of Real GDP is observed within the concerned period (3.1%), with occasional troughs (-0.38% being lowest in 1991) and peaks (highest being 5.01% in 1999). The dynamics in the Real GDP, however, is dependent on the changes in the other economic indicators, as discussed above. This is discussed in the following section (Arkolakis, et al., 2013). Unemployment Rate and Rate of Growth of Real GDP The economic welfare of a country and its residents in particular depends considerably on the employment scenario of the country in the concerned period. High employment generation implies high income in the hands of the people of the country, which in turn increases their aggregate demand, thereby contributing positively in the productivity of the country. Therefore, the relationship between GDP and unemployment is bilaterally negative, theoretically. The unemployment in Australia has been maintained at a moderate average level of nearly 6.8% between 1990-2015. However, the rate was exceptionally high in 1993-1994 (11%) and considerably low in 2007-2008 (4.4%). The relationship between unemployment rate and the growth rate of the Real GDP of the country, within the period under consideration, is found to be negative, with the correlation being -0.13 (Kubiszewski, et al., 2013). The trends from the empirical evidences also assert the same as can be seen below: Figure 1: Relationship between unemployment rate and Real GDP growth rate (Source: Data.worldbank.org, 2018) The above figure clearly shows the presence of a negative relationship between the unemployment rate and the rate of growth of Real GDP in Australia in 1990-2015. Within the period in concern, unemployment has decreased considerably, while the Real GDP has maintained a steady growth rate, in spite of occasional fluctuations. Much of this decrease in unemployment can be attributed to the considerably huge industrial growth in the country over the years, which has created large job scopes, thereby increasing the financial welfare of the residents. This in turn, by increasing the aggregate demand and supply, has increased the GDP of the country considerably (Stewart, 2013). Inflation Rate and Growth Rate of Real GDP The economic stability and welfare of a country also depends on the overall price levels prevailing in the country at a point of time and the dynamics in the same. The presence of a very high price level, indicating higher inflationary pressure on the economy, has highly negative implications on the welfare of the residents. On the other hand, very low price levels can be detrimental to the producers as their revenue decreases significantly. On the other hand, while a demand-pull inflation increases the productive activities in a country, a cost-push type of inflation hampers the production (Green, 2016). Generally, with the economic growth and increase in the productivity of country, the level of disposable income and the aggregate demand both increases, thereby raising the average level of price. This indicates towards a positive relationship between the inflation and the GDP of a country. Australia, in general, has maintained a low rate of inflation (average rate being 2.7%). The rate however, increased massively in 1990 (7.27%) in 1990s, due to the period of excessive aggregate demand preceding that. RBA responding to the same, implemented contractionary monetary policies, which brought the inflation rate down to 0.25% by 1997. The relationship between the two-concerned variable, in case of Australia, however, seems a bit confusing as it is not seen to be following the theoretical pattern. The correlation between the same is found to be -0.03 (Kumar, Webber and Perry, 2012). Figure 2: Relationship between the Growth Rate of Real GDP and Inflation Rate (Source: Data.worldbank.org, 2018) There remains a negative relationship between the inflation rate and the Real GDP growth rate in Australia, which can be partially explained with the presence of a huge debt burden in the country in the concerned period. This high debt in the country, existing in the contemporary period, has contributed negatively in the growth rate of the Real GDP of the country, even in the presence of high inflation, which justifies the presence of the negative relationship between the rate of inflation and the Real GDP growth rate (Hossain, 2014). Exchange Rate and Growth Rate of Real GDP The external sector and the exports imports of country as well as the balance of payment of a country depends substantially on the exchange rate prevailing in the country, which is the value of the currency of the country in terms of the same of other country (Conventionally US $). An increase in the exchange rate lowers the value of the domestic currency, which in turn makes exports easier, which raises the GDP of the country. Thus, theoretically there exists a positive relation between these two variables (Bussire, Delle Chiaie and Peltonen, 2014). Figure 3: Relationship between the exchange rate and the growth rate of Real GDP (Source: Rba.gov.au, 2018) In case of Australia, this seems to hold as the correlation is seen to be 0.2. The above figure also shows the presence of a roughly positive relationship between the two variables. The exchange rate being kept between $1 and $2 (USD) has facilitated the exports of the country over the years considerably, which can be seen from the more or less growth rate of the Real GDP of the country, despite of several noticeable fluctuations. Net Exports and Growth Rate of Real GDP As discussed above, the exchange rate of a country determines the import and export dynamics of a country substantially, which in turn has its implications on the overall economic growth of the country. When the exports of a country is greater than the amount imported, then the net export of the country is seen to be positive, which contributes positively to the balance of payment of the country. This in turn increases the GDP of the country. This thereby indicates towards the presence of a positive relationship between the growth of the GDP of a country and the amount of the net exports in the concerned country (Kelly, 2014). The same trend can be seen in the economic growth pattern of Australia, with the correlation among the same being 0.23. Figure 4: Relationship between the Net Exports and Growth Rate of the Real GDP (Source: Data.worldbank.org, 2018) The above figure shows that Australia has over the years maintained a more or less positive trade balance, except in between 2010 and 2012, when there occurred in trade deficit in the country. This may be due to the increase in the import of intermediate goods and services as well as the increase in the aggregate-demand of foreign consumption goods (Atkin and Connolly, 2013). Cash Rate and Growth Rate of Real GDP In general, the cash rate in a country is defined to be the rate of interest, which the monetary authorities of the country charge from the private banks if the latter take loans from the former. In presence of a low cash rate, borrowing is stimulated which in turn helps in stimulating the investment and contributing positively in the economic growth of the country. Thus, there exists a negative relationship between the two concerned variables in terms of the exiting theories. As is evident from the above figure, the concerned variables show a clearly negative trend over the concerned period, with the correlation among the two variables being -0.08. This can be linked to the monetary policies taken by the Reserve Bank of Australia, in which the cash rate has been deliberately kept low, in order to increase the investments in the country. The cash rate, being at 2.13% has facilitated the investments and economic growth in the country, which can be seen from a stable economic growth in the country in the contemporary period. Unemployment and inflation rate The two indicators, inflation rate and the rate of unemployment, are in general inversely related. This can be explained with the help of the theory of Phillips Curve, which was first proposed by A. W. Phillips. According to the theory, when there is economic growth in a country, this leads to an increased in the employment scopes in the country as a whole. This in turn increases the economic welfare of the residents of the concerned country by increasing their disposable income, which in turn increases their aggregate demand for the goods and services. The excess demand in the economy pushes up the average price level, thereby creating an upward pressure on the average price level in the country, which leads to an increase in the inflation in the same, which can be seen from the following figure: From the above figure, it can be seen that with the increase in the level of employment, that is with the decrease in the rate of unemployment in the country, the excess demand for goods and services pushes up the price levels in the economy, thereby creating an upwards trend of the rate of inflation in the country. This justifies the negative trend between the rate of inflation and the rate of unemployment in the country. In case of Australia, there exists a visibly negative relationship between the rate of inflation and the unemployment rate in the period of consideration, which can be seen from the following figure: The above figure clearly shows inverse relationship between unemployment and the inflation rate of the country. Over the concerned period, the unemployment rate has been seen to be consistently falling with several exceptions, like that in 2012-2014, when the same is seen to be increasing considerably. However, the rate of inflation has seen to undergo considerable fluctuations, with positive trends in many instances (Ormerod, Rosewell and Phelps, 2013). The relationship between the two concerned indicators has however been positive in 1994 and 1995, where the fall in the price level is accompanied by a fall in the rate of unemployment. This has again been observed in 2004, which can be attributed to the policies, which have been taken by the RBA. The policy framework is targeted to reduce both the inflation and the unemployment to a moderate level. Contractionary Monetary Policy Framework In general, the Central Banks or the monetary authorities of a country take contractionary or tight monetary policies, when there is excessive liquidity in the economy, contributing to an upward trend in the overall price levels in the country, thereby affecting the residents adversely. In case of Australia, this type of policy framework was adopted in 1980s following a period of excessive inflationary burden, which however landed the country in a phase of acute recession (Rey, 2015). In the recent periods (post 2004), this has again been done by the RBA, in order to respond to the excessive demand in the economy and the presence of high household debt burden in the economy. Outlook of the Australian economy The Australian economy is expected to keep on going at a moderately impressive rate of 2.5% to 4% in the coming years, much of which can be attributed to the policies, which are expected to be taken by the government and the monetary authority of the country. The wage level, however, is not expected to increase, which can be beneficial in keeping the inflationary pressures in check. However, low wage can lead to low rates of savings, which again however, is not expected to affect the investment in the country, which is hoped to increase in the coming years, thereby reducing the risk of recession in the economy (McLean, 2012). Conclusion As can be seen from the above empirical evidences and the relevant economic interpretation of the same, in spite of the presence of considerable fluctuations and dynamics in the overall economic activities of the country, Australia, has been and is still one of the most stably growing economies in the world. Much of which can be attributed to the stable economic policy framework of the country, which in the cases of occurrences of any discrepancy or diversion from the equilibrium state, operate efficiently in bringing back the economy on the path of sustainable economic growth and contributes in increasing the overall welfare of the residents of the country. References Arkolakis, C., Ramondo, N., Rodrguez-Clare, A. and Yeaple, S., 2013.Innovation and production in the global economy(No. w18972). National Bureau of Economic Research. Atkin, T. and Connolly, E., 2013. Australian exports: global demand and the high exchange rate.RBA Bulletin, pp.1-10. Bussire, M., Delle Chiaie, S. and Peltonen, T.A., 2014. Exchange rate pass-through in the global economy: the role of emerging market economies.IMF Economic Review,62(1), pp.146-178. Data.worldbank.org (2018).Australia | Data. [online] Data.worldbank.org. Available at: https://data.worldbank.org/country/australia [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. 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Kubiszewski, I., Costanza, R., Franco, C., Lawn, P., Talberth, J., Jackson, T. and Aylmer, C., 2013. Beyond GDP: Measuring and achieving global genuine progress.Ecological Economics,93, pp.57-68. Kumar, S., Webber, D.J. and Perry, G., 2012. Real wages, inflation and labour productivity in Australia.Applied Economics,44(23), pp.2945-2954. McLean, I.W., 2012.Why Australia prospered: The shifting sources of economic growth. Princeton University Press. Ormerod, P., Rosewell, B. and Phelps, P., 2013. Inflation/unemployment regimes and the instability of the Phillips curve.Applied Economics,45(12), pp.1519-1531. Pieterse, J.N., 2015.Globalization and culture: Global mlange. Rowman Littlefield. Ravenhill, J. ed., 2017.Global political economy. Oxford University Press. Rba.gov.au (2018).Cash Rate | RBA. [online] Reserve Bank of Australia. Available at: Rba.gov.au (2018).Historical Data | RBA. [online] Reserve Bank of Australia. Available at: https://www.rba.gov.au/statistics/historical-data.html [Accessed 25 Jan. 2018]. Rey, H., 2015.Dilemma not trilemma: the global financial cycle and monetary policy independence(No. w21162). National Bureau of Economic Research. Stewart, A., 2013.Stewart's guide to employment law(Vol. 3). Sydney: Federation Press.